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  "access_rights": "Public",
  "alternative_title": [
    "The Human Flourishing Geographic Index: A County-Level Dataset for the United States, 2013\u20132023"
  ],
  "bounding_box": null,
  "centroid": null,
  "contrubution_source": "manager",
  "creator": [
    "Stefano M. Iacus",
    "Devika Jain",
    "Harvard University"
  ],
  "data_usage_notes": "HFGI relies on geotagged tweets, which constitute roughly 1\u20132% of all Twitter posts on average. As such, the dataset reflects the behavior of Twitter users who opt into geotagging plus those for which the geo-tagging information was added by Twitter algorithm, and not the general population.\r\n\r\nWe did not explicitly filter automated or organizational accounts from our dataset. Previous research estimates that between 9% and 15% of active Twitter accounts exhibit automated behavior. However, the nature of our classification task provides an implicit filter against such content: bots and organisational accounts typically produce promotional, repetitive, or politically targeted material that is unlikely to express the specific well-being dimensions captured by our indicators (e.g., inner peace, gratitude, belonging). Such tweets would be classified as \u201cnot present\u201d across most dimensions and thus contribute negligibly to the aggregated indicators. \r\n\r\nResearchers should therefore treat HFGI as a measure of expressed well-being among geotagging users rather than a direct proxy for population prevalence.",
  "data_variables": [
    "afterlife: Life after death belief",
    "altruism: Expressing Altruism",
    "anxiety",
    "balance: Balance in the various aspects of own life",
    "believegod",
    "belonging: Belonging to society",
    "charity",
    "delaygrat: Expressing delayed gratification",
    "depression:",
    "discrim: Perceiving discrimination",
    "drinkhealth: Describing drinking related health issues",
    "empathy",
    "energy: Having energy",
    "fearfuture:",
    "finworry: Financial or material worry",
    "forgive: Seeking for forgiveness",
    "goodpromo: Promoting good",
    "govapprove: Expressing government approval",
    "gratitude",
    "happiness:",
    "healthlim: Describing health limitations",
    "hope",
    "innerpeace:Peace with thoughts and feelings",
    "jobsat: Expressing job satisfaction",
    "lifesat: Life satisfaction",
    "lovedgod: Feeling loved by God",
    "loneliness",
    "mastery",
    "optimism",
    "pain",
    "polvoice: Feeling having a political voice",
    "posfunct: Positive functioning",
    "ptsd: PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)",
    "purpose",
    "relationships: Quality of relationships",
    "relcomfort: Feeling religious comfort",
    "relcrit: Religious criticism",
    "resilience",
    "selfesteem",
    "smokehealth: Describing smoking related health issues",
    "spiritpun: Spiritual punishment",
    "suffering",
    "trust",
    "trusted",
    "vitality",
    "volunteer",
    "corruption",
    "migmood: Mood towards migration/migrants",
    "U.S. Tweets",
    "Total Tweets",
    "U.S. Share %",
    "message_id",
    "tweet_date",
    "tweet_text",
    "tags",
    "tweet_lang",
    "source",
    "place*",
    "retweets",
    "tweet_favorites",
    "photo_url",
    "Quoted_status_id",
    "user_id",
    "user_name",
    "user_location*",
    "followers",
    "friends",
    "user_favorites",
    "status",
    "user_lang",
    "latitude",
    "longitude",
    "data_source*",
    "gps",
    "spatial_error",
    "salience"
  ],
  "date_issued": "2026-08-26",
  "date_range": [],
  "description": [
    "Quantifying human flourishing\u2014a multidimensional construct including happiness, health, purpose, virtue, relationships, and financial stability\u2014is critical for understanding societal well-being beyond economic indicators. Existing measures often lack fine spatial and temporal resolution. Here we introduce the Human Flourishing Geographic Index (HFGI), derived from analyzing approximately 2.6 billion geolocated U.S. tweets (2013-2023) using fine-tuned large language models to classify expressions across 48 indicators aligned with Harvard\u2019s Global Flourishing Study framework plus attitudes towards migration and perception of corruption. The dataset offers monthly and yearly county- and state-level indicators of flourishing-related discourse, validated to confirm that the measures accurately represent the underlying constructs and show expected correlations with established indicators. This resource enables multidisciplinary analyses of well-being, inequality, and social change at unprecedented resolution, offering insights into the dynamics of human flourishing as reflected in social media discourse across the United States over the past decade."
  ],
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  "is_part_of": [],
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  "keyword": [
    "human flourishing",
    "happiness",
    "health",
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    "relationships",
    "financial stability",
    "well-being",
    "inequality",
    "social change"
  ],
  "language": [
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  ],
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  "member_of": [],
  "metadata_version": "SDOH PlaceProject",
  "methods_variables": [],
  "modified": "2026-08-31T18:24:42Z",
  "preferred_citation": "Iacus, S.M., Jain, D., Nasuto, A. et al. The Human Flourishing Geographic Index: A County-Level Dataset for the United States, 2013\u20132023. Sci Data 13, 1234 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07803-1",
  "provider": "Healthy Regions & Policies Lab, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign",
  "publisher": [
    "Nature Scientific Data"
  ],
  "references": {
    "http://schema.org/downloadUrl": "https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/T39JBY",
    "http://schema.org/url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-026-07803-1#citeas"
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  "resource_class": [
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  "rights": [],
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  "spatial_coverage": [
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  "spatial_resolution": [
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  "spatial_resolution_note": null,
  "subject": [
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  "suppressed": false,
  "temporal_coverage": [
    "2013-2023"
  ],
  "theme": [
    "Location",
    "Society"
  ],
  "title": "Human Flourishing Geographic Index (HFGI)",
  "wxs_indentifier": null
}